Synaptic Systems

Cat. No.: 135 011

Amount: 100 µg

Price: $425.00

Cat. No. 135 011	100 µg purified IgG, lyophilized. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 100 µl H₂O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use. Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications	WB: 1 : 1000 up to 1 : 5000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery IP: yes ICC: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 1000 (see remarks) gallery IHC: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 1000 gallery IHC-P (FFPE): 1 : 1000 (see remarks) gallery DNA-PAINT: external data (see remarks) Western blot (WB); separation of proteins by PAGE and subsequent transfer to a membrane. Detection of target molecules is carried out with antibodies. Some antibodies require special sample preparation steps. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunoprecipitation (IP); Immunoisolation or pulldown of a target molecule using an antibody. For details and product specific hints, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on 4% PFA fixed cells. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence. Some antibodies require special fixation methods. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 4% PFA perfusion fixed tissue with 24h PFA post fixation. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Some antibodies require special fixation methods or antigen retrieval steps. For details, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (some antibodies require special antigen retrieval steps, please refer to the ”Remarks” section). Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. In antibody-based DNA-PAINT (Point Accumulation in Nanoscale Topography), a short oligomeric docking strand is coupled to a specific antibody. The transient association of the fluorophore to the antibody is mediated by the pairing of a short fluorescently labeled complementary imager DNA strand. DNA-PAINT allows super-resolution imaging and the imaging of a huge number of antibodies on the same biological sample in a single multiplex experiment. For additional experimental details refer to the Remarks section.
Clone	68B7
Subtype	IgG1 (κ light chain)
Immunogen	Synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of rat VGLUT 1 (UniProt Id: Q62634)
Reactivity	Reacts with: rat (Q62634), mouse (Q3TXX4), human (Q9P2U7). Other species not tested yet.
Specificity	K.O. validated
Matching control protein/peptide	135-0P
Remarks	WB: To avoid protein aggregation, do not heat samples for SDS-PAGE. This antibody is highly recommended for Western blot experiments. ICC: The following fixatives are possible: 4% formaldehyde/PFA, acetone. IHC-P (FFPE): Antibody shows unspecific detection of endothelial cells. DNA-PAINT: This antibody has been successfully applied and published for this method by customers (see application-specific references). This antibody has been successfully applied and published for this method by customers (see application-specific references).
Data sheet	Data Sheet 135_011 Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

References for VGLUT1 - 135 011

Investigating the role of GABAergic interneurons in the antidepressant-like mechanism of agomelatine.
Ye S, Xu Q, Amin N, Bao L, Yang Y, Abbasi IN, Fang M
Neurochemistry international (2026) 192: 106101. 135 011 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse

The impact of exogenous Oxytocin on visual cortex plasticity across different stages of visual development.
Sun Y, Wang X, Chen Y, Luan Z, Hao R
Scientific reports (2025) 151: 12137. 135 011 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse

Vitamin D Regulates Olfactory Function via Dual Transcriptional and mTOR-Dependent Translational Control of Synaptic Proteins.
Ren P, Cao R, Ye X, Pang W, Bi Q, Huang M, Zhou Q, Ye D, Xiang W, Xiao L
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) (2025) : e07181. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

Meningeal lymphatics-microglia axis regulates synaptic physiology.
Kim K, Abramishvili D, Du S, Papadopoulos Z, Cao J, Herz J, Smirnov I, Thomas JL, Colonna M, Kipnis J
Cell (2025) 18810: 2705-2719.e23. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

Monitoring of activity-driven trafficking of endogenous synaptic proteins through proximity labeling.
Pascual-Caro C, de Juan-Sanz J
PLoS biology (2024) 2210: e3002860. 135 011 WB; tested species: rat

VPS13A knockdown impairs corticostriatal synaptic plasticity and locomotor behavior in a new mouse model of chorea-acanthocytosis.
García-García E, Ramón-Lainez A, Conde-Berriozabal S, Del Toro D, Escaramis G, Giralt A, Masana M, Alberch J, Rodríguez MJ
Neurobiology of disease (2023) 187: 106292. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

Enriched environment attenuates hippocampal theta and gamma rhythms dysfunction in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via improving imbalanced neural afferent levels.
Zheng J, Peng S, Cui L, Liu X, Li T, Zhao Z, Li Y, Hu Y, Zhang M, Xu L, Zhang J, et al.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2023) 17: 985246. 135 011 WB; tested species: rat

Colocalization of different neurotransmitter transporters on synaptic vesicles is sparse except for VGLUT1 and ZnT3.
Upmanyu N, Jin J, Emde HV, Ganzella M, Bösche L, Malviya VN, Zhuleku E, Politi AZ, Ninov M, Silbern I, Leutenegger M, et al.
Neuron (2022) : . 135 011 WB, UPTAKE; tested species: rat

Maternal stress and vulnerability to depression: coping and maternal care strategies and its consequences on adolescent offspring.
Alves RL, Portugal CC, Lopes IM, Oliveira P, Alves CJ, Barbosa F, Summavielle T, Magalhães A
Translational psychiatry (2022) 121: 463. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

CUL3 Deficiency Causes Social Deficits and Anxiety-like Behaviors by Impairing Excitation-Inhibition Balance through the Promotion of Cap-Dependent Translation.
Dong Z, Chen W, Chen C, Wang H, Cui W, Tan Z, Robinson H, Gao N, Luo B, Zhang L, Zhao K, et al.
Neuron (2020) 1053: 475-490.e6. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

Distinct insulin granule subpopulations implicated in the secretory pathology of diabetes types 1 and 2.
Kreutzberger AJB, Kiessling V, Doyle CA, Schenk N, Upchurch CM, Elmer-Dixon M, Ward AE, Preobraschenski J, Hussein SS, Tomaka W, Seelheim P, et al.
eLife (2020) 9: . 135 011 WB; tested species: rat

Synaptic zinc contributes to motor and cognitive deficits in 6-hydroxydopamine mouse models of Parkinson's disease.
Sikora J, Kieffer BL, Paoletti P, Ouagazzal AM
Neurobiology of disease (2019) 134: 104681. 135 011 WB; tested species: mouse

Functional synapses between neurons and small cell lung cancer.
Sakthivelu V, Schmitt A, Odenthal F, Ndoci K, Touet M, Shaib AH, Chihab A, Wani GA, Nieper P, Hartmann GG, Pintelon I, et al.
Nature (2025) 6468087: 1243-1253. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Real-time visualization of structural dynamics of synapses in live cells in vivo.
Son S, Nagahama K, Lee J, Jung K, Kwak C, Kim J, Noh YW, Kim E, Lee S, Kwon HB, Heo WD, et al.
Nature methods (2024) : . 135 011 ICC; tested species: rat

Hydroxynorketamine, but not ketamine, acts via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor to control presynaptic function and gene expression.
Guhathakurta D, Petrušková A, Akdaş EY, Perelló-Amorós B, Frischknecht R, Anni D, Weiss EM, Walter M, Fejtová A
Translational psychiatry (2024) 141: 47. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Time-dependent homeostatic mechanisms underlie brain-derived neurotrophic factor action on neural circuitry.
O'Neill KM, Anderson ED, Mukherjee S, Gandu S, McEwan SA, Omelchenko A, Rodriguez AR, Losert W, Meaney DF, Babadi B, Firestein BL, et al.
Communications biology (2023) 61: 1278. 135 011 ICC; tested species: rat

Bisphenol-A impairs synaptic formation and function by RGS4-mediated regulation of BDNF signaling in the cerebral cortex.
Hyun SA, Ko MY, Jang S, Lee BS, Rho J, Kim KK, Kim WY, Ka M
Disease models & mechanisms (2022) 157: . 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Long-Term Cultures of Spinal Cord Interneurons.
Vargova I, Kriska J, Kwok JCF, Fawcett JW, Jendelova P
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2022) 16: 827628. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Pharmacological reversal of synaptic and network pathology in human MECP2-KO neurons and cortical organoids.
Trujillo CA, Adams JW, Negraes PD, Carromeu C, Tejwani L, Acab A, Tsuda B, Thomas CA, Sodhi N, Fichter KM, Romero S, et al.
EMBO molecular medicine (2021) 131: e12523. 135 011 ICC; tested species: human

Postnatal expression profiles of atypical cadherin FAT1 suggest its role in autism.
Frei JA, Brandenburg C, Nestor JE, Hodzic DM, Plachez C, McNeill H, Dykxhoorn DM, Nestor MW, Blatt GJ, Lin YC
Biology open (2021) : . 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Endogenous β-neurexins on axons and within synapses show regulated dynamic behavior.
Klatt O, Repetto D, Brockhaus J, Reissner C, El Khallouqi A, Rohlmann A, Heine M, Missler M
Cell reports (2021) 3511: 109266. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Premature termination codon readthrough upregulates progranulin expression and improves lysosomal function in preclinical models of GRN deficiency.
Frew J, Baradaran-Heravi A, Balgi AD, Wu X, Yan TD, Arns S, Shidmoossavee FS, Tan J, Jaquith JB, Jansen-West KR, Lynn FC, et al.
Molecular neurodegeneration (2020) 151: 21. 135 011 ICC; tested species: human

Altered fast synaptic transmission in a mouse model of DNM1-associated developmental epileptic encephalopathy.
McCabe MP, Shore AN, Frankel WN, Weston MC
eNeuro (2020) : . 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Neurocalcin Delta Knockout Impairs Adult Neurogenesis Whereas Half Reduction Is Not Pathological.
Upadhyay A, Hosseinibarkooie S, Schneider S, Kaczmarek A, Torres-Benito L, Mendoza-Ferreira N, Overhoff M, Rombo R, Grysko V, Kye MJ, Kononenko NL, et al.
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2019) 12: 19. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Setd5 haploinsufficiency alters neuronal network connectivity and leads to autistic-like behaviors in mice.
Moore SM, Seidman JS, Ellegood J, Gao R, Savchenko A, Troutman TD, Abe Y, Stender J, Lee D, Wang S, Voytek B, et al.
Translational psychiatry (2019) 91: 24. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

Galectin-3 in microglia mediates neuroinflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction via selective elimination of excitatory synapses in hippocampal CA1.
Wu HP, Hu XY, Liu K, He QL, Zhu SY, Shi JY, Yang JJ, Fan D, Ji MH
Brain research (2026) 1887: 150382. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Early-life social enrichment induces divergent cognitive-emotional aging along with dorsal hippocampal VGluT1 and glial alterations.
Ma XX, Zheng JY, Yao XD, Yu YJ, Wang XD, Su YA, Li JT, Si TM
Neurobiology of aging (2026) 166: 69-81. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Sevoflurane-induced disruption of critical period Arc signaling drives aberrant microglial synaptic pruning and cognitive deficits.
Chen BH, Chen YR, Zheng LY, Cai HJ, Ke XL, Li SY, Chen ZJ, Zhang XN, Zhou FQ, Chen G
Acta pharmacologica Sinica (2026) : . 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Ablation of Unilateral Hippocampal GABAergic Neurons: A Novel Mouse Model of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy With Hippocampal Sclerosis.
Tang T, Xu J, Fu B, Geng C, Li Y, Qi Y, Hou C, He J, Wang Y, Luo Y, Zhao G, et al.
CNS neuroscience & therapeutics (2026) 322: e70772. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Environmental enrichment highlights mitochondrial inner membrane function as a therapeutic target for sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
Wang SX, Yin XY, Jian JX, Ji MH, Yang JJ, Shen JC
Brain research (2025) 1864: 149790. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Decreased excitatory and increased inhibitory transmission in the hippocampal CA1 drive neuroinflammation-induced cognitive impairments in mice.
Wu XM, Shi CN, Liu K, Hu XY, He QL, Yao H, Fan D, Ma DQ, Yang JJ, Shen JC, Ji MH, et al.
Brain, behavior, and immunity (2025) 128: 416-428. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Neuroimmune Microenvironment Reprogramming via Immuno-piezoelectric Transducers for Synergistic Stem Cell Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Liang L, Li X, Hu K, Cai P, Wang J, Yu J, Wang S, Zhao Y, Xu C, Li S, Liu H, et al.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) (2025) : e12810. 135 011 IHC; tested species: rat

FUT8 Regulates Cerebellar Neurogenesis and Development Through Maintaining the Level of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Cntn2.
Wei K, Zhang J, Qu W, Zhu J, Zhu Q, Yi W, Zou C, Ma D, Li X
Molecular neurobiology (2025) 625: 5679-5694. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Low-dose cannabidiol treatment prevents chronic stress-induced phenotypes and is associated with multiple synaptic changes across various brain regions.
Borràs-Pernas S, Sancho-Balsells A, Patterer L, Wang M, Del Toro D, Alberch J, Schibano D, Espel J, Heybeck M, Scheidel B, Giralt A, et al.
Neuropharmacology (2025) 277: 110526. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Selectively vulnerable deep cortical layer 5/6 fast-spiking interneurons in Alzheimer's disease models in vivo.
Papanikolaou A, Graykowski D, Lee BI, Yang M, Ellingford R, Zünkler J, Bond SA, Rowland JM, Rajani RM, Harris SS, Sharp DJ, et al.
Neuron (2025) : . 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

The Influence of Changes in Microglia Development on the Plasticity of the Developing Visual Cortex Circuit in Juvenile Mice.
Wang X, Li K, Guo L, Liu X, Guo Y, Zhang W
Investigative ophthalmology & visual science (2025) 664: 45. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

α-Synuclein aggregation decreases cortico-amygdala connectivity and impairs social behavior in mice.
Zhou W, Daniels S, Singh V, Menard M, Escobar Galvis ML, Chu HY
Neurobiology of disease (2024) 202: 106702. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Oxytocin ameliorates cognitive impairments by attenuating excitation/inhibition imbalance of neurotransmitters acting on parvalbumin interneurons in a mouse model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
Li RQ, Zeng QT, Ji MH, Zhang Y, Mao MJ, Feng SW, Duan ML, Zhou ZQ
Journal of biomedical research (2024) : 1-14. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

HMGB1 mediates synaptic loss and cognitive impairment in an animal model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.
Yin XY, Tang XH, Wang SX, Zhao YC, Jia M, Yang JJ, Ji MH, Shen JC
Journal of neuroinflammation (2023) 201: 69. 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Interleukin-4 receptor signaling modulates neuronal network activity.
Hanuscheck N, Thalman C, Domingues M, Schmaul S, Muthuraman M, Hetsch F, Ecker M, Endle H, Oshaghi M, Martino G, Kuhlmann T, et al.
The Journal of experimental medicine (2022) 2196: . 135 011 IHC; tested species: mouse

Analyzing schizophrenia-related phenotypes in mice caused by autoantibodies against NRXN1α in schizophrenia.
Shiwaku H, Katayama S, Gao M, Kondo K, Nakano Y, Motokawa Y, Toyoda S, Yoshida F, Hori H, Kubota T, Ishikawa K, et al.
Brain, behavior, and immunity (2023) 111: 32-45. 135 011 IHC-P (FFPE); tested species: mouse

Spatial proteomics in neurons at single-protein resolution.
Unterauer EM, Shetab Boushehri S, Jevdokimenko K, Masullo LA, Ganji M, Sograte-Idrissi S, Kowalewski R, Strauss S, Reinhardt SCM, Perovic A, Marr C, et al.
Cell (2024) 1877: 1785-1800.e16. 135 011 DNA-PAINT; tested species: rat

GRASPing experience-dependent protein expression signatures enriched for hippocampal engram cell synapses.
Moharana B, Nemat P, Pullen RM, Gradl A, Schipper M, Savage JE, Klaassen RV, van der Loo RJ, Chadick CH, Koopmans F, Gouwenberg Y, et al.
Science advances (2026) 1220: eadv3557. 135 011 ; tested species: mouse

Cat. No.: 135 011

Amount: 100 µg

Price: $425.00

Long-Term Cultures of Spinal Cord Interneurons.
Vargova I, Kriska J, Kwok JCF, Fawcett JW, Jendelova P
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2022) 16: 827628. 135 011 ICC; tested species: mouse

WB
(1 img)

ICC
(1 img)

IHC
(3 img)

IHC-P (FFPE)
(5 img)

Background

The vesicular glutamate transporter 1 VGLUT1, also referred to as BNPI and SLC17A7, was originally identified as a brain specific phosphate transporter. Like the related VGLUT2, VGLUT1 is both necessary and sufficient for uptake and storage of glutamate and thus comprises the sole determinant for a glutamatergic phenotype. Both VGLUTs are different from the plasma membrane transporters in that they are driven by a proton electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane.
VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 show complementary expression patterns. Together, they are currently the best markers for glutamatergic nerve terminals and glutamatergic synapses.

1 ) Takamori S et al., Nature (2000)
2 ) Bellocchio EE et al., Science (2000)
3 ) Bellocchio EE et al., J. Neurosci. (1998)
4 ) Ni B et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1994)

Protocols

ICC

Fixed Cells

IHC

IHC-P (FFPE)

Standard Condition

Other products for this target

VGLUT1 (SLC17A7) antibody - 135 011 K.O.

References for VGLUT1 - 135 011